Factors responsible for Casteism in India for APSC - APSC Mains Solved Question Papers 2022

Caste System in India for APSC | APSC Mains Solved Question Papers with Answers 2022

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APSC Mains Solved Question Papers 2022

Well here is the APSC Mains Solved Question Paper of 2022. Check this APSC previous year solved question Major Factors responsible for Casteism in India to prepare for future APSC Mains Exam. 

• Major Factors responsible for Casteism in India

Casteism in India is a complex social issue deeply rooted in historical, cultural, and structural factors. It is important to note that casteism varies across different regions and communities within India. While the following factors are not exhaustive, they provide an understanding of some major contributors to casteism:

1. Historical Origins : 

Casteism traces its origins to the ancient Indian social system known as the caste system. This system categorized individuals into hierarchical social groups based on birth and occupation. The rigid nature of the caste system and the notion of purity and pollution associated with each caste created a social hierarchy that continues to influence social interactions and relationships today.

2. Social Segregation and Discrimination : 

Casteism perpetuates social segregation and discrimination, with individuals being assigned specific roles, occupations, and social status based on their caste. Discrimination based on caste manifests in various forms, including restricted access to resources, educational opportunities, employment, and social and political power. Caste-based discrimination also leads to social exclusion, ostracism, and violence against individuals from lower castes.

3. Endogamy and Marriage Practices : 

Endogamy, the practice of marrying within one's caste, reinforces caste divisions and perpetuates the social hierarchy. Restrictions on inter-caste marriages reinforce the boundaries between castes and contribute to the maintenance of caste-based identities and prejudices. Violations of these norms often result in social sanctions, honor killings, and other forms of violence.

4. Economic Factors : 

Caste-based occupational divisions and the historical marginalization of lower castes have contributed to economic disparities and inequalities. Many lower-caste individuals are confined to menial and stigmatized occupations, leading to limited access to resources, land, and economic opportunities. Economic disparities reinforce caste-based social stratification, with higher-caste individuals benefiting from privilege and economic advantages.

5. Political Factors : 

Caste plays a significant role in Indian politics. Caste-based identity politics and vote-bank politics have perpetuated caste divisions and fostered the use of caste as a political tool. Political parties often mobilize caste-based support, which can deepen caste-based divisions and reinforce social inequalities.

6. Cultural and Social Norms : 

Cultural norms, traditions, and religious beliefs continue to influence and perpetuate casteism. Social customs, rituals, and practices reinforce caste-based identities and discrimination. The concept of purity and pollution, prevalent in some cultural and religious practices, further perpetuates caste-based inequalities.

7. Lack of Awareness and Education : 

Limited awareness and education about caste-based discrimination and its historical roots contribute to the persistence of casteism. Lack of understanding about the adverse effects of caste-based discrimination hinders efforts to eradicate it. Education and awareness programs are crucial for challenging and dismantling caste-based prejudices and promoting social equality.

8. Caste Endogamy :

Caste endogamy refers to marriage within the same caste. Caste endogamy is therefore responsible for the emergence of the feeling of casteism. Individuals are more prone to develop their loyalties towards their own caste and sub-caste people. The practice of endogamy makes the people narrow-minded.

9. Impact of Urbanisation : 

Urbanisation indirectly favouring casteism. Due to the impact of industrialization people migrate from the rural areas to urban areas. When they go to a new place, naturally they search for their caste people. They consider their own caste people as their own potential friends and well-wisher. Hence it leads to strengthen caste feeling and casteism.

10. Increase in the Means of Transport and Communication :

Advancement and improvement in the means of transport and communication leads to a better organisation of caste. The feeling of casteism is also rapidly propagated through the medium of newspapers.

11. Social Distance :

Specially in rural areas, people belonging to the higher caste maintain social distance from the lower castes. They maintain it through different restrictions like inter-caste mintages, Inter-dinning etc. The ideologies of an individual tire conditioned exclusively by his caste norms and values. This has given rise to casteism.

12. The Concept of Purity and Pollution : 

The higher castes claimed to have ritual, spiritual and racial purity which they maintained by keeping the lower castes away through the notion of pollution. The idea of pollution means a touch of lower caste man would pollute or defile a man of higher caste. Even his shadow is considered enough to pollute a higher caste man.

It is important to address these factors collectively through legal reforms, educational initiatives, affirmative action policies, and social awareness campaigns. Efforts to eliminate casteism require a comprehensive and sustained approach to ensure social justice, equality, and dignity for all individuals, irrespective of their caste.

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