Political History of Assam after the Death of Sukapha : Assam History - The Ahom Kingdom

History of Assam - Political History of Assam after the death of Sukapha

Hello, aspirants are you preparing for APSC Prelims & Mains exam? If yes, then you must be aware of the most important Assam history for the upcoming competitive exam preparation. Therefore every aspirants need to know the historical background of Assam for APSC Prelims & Mains exam. In this regard "World_Polity" decides to provide you the most important Assam history topic Political History of Assam after the Death of Sukapha for the upcoming APSC exams. Infact the Assam historical background will be a key topic in the Assam history section for the upcoming Prelims & Mains exam. So the Political History of Assam after the Death of Sukapha : Assam History - The Ahom Kingdom for the exams will be a pedestrian to crack your exam.

Assam History - The Ahom Kingdom

In this article we have provided you Assam history important topic Political History of Assam after the Death of Sukapha. So, read this most important article on Assam History - The Ahom Kingdom for the upcoming APSC Prelims & Mains exam as well as for any other Assam govt  exams. Infact the history of Assam relating to Ahom Kingdom is very important for APSC mains exam.

Political History of Assam after the Death of Sukapha : Assam History - The Ahom Kingdom

History of Assam : The Ahom Kingdom

Political History of Assam after the Death of Sukapha

After the death of Sukapha in 1268 he was succeeded by his son Sutepha (1268-81). He took the bold step of extending the territories of his kingdom to the river Namding. After that his successor Subinpha did nothing in this regard. Rather from 1281 to 1497 which cover a long period of 200 years, the Ahom kingdom remained static. No attempt was made by the rulers who ruled for the period of 200 years for extension of the kingdom.

Fear from Chutia, Kachari and Bhuyans : 

By that time the Chutias, Kacharis and Bhuyans were powerful in their territories. If the Ahoms wanted to extend their territories then clash with them would be inevitable which the Ahoms wanted to avoid. The Chutias were the followers of Hinduism. The Kacharis though not formally Hinduised, felt its influence in their society. The Bhuyans are all Aryanised and though there were several clans of the Bhuyans but they would be united at the time of need. This was also known to the Ahoms.

The Ahoms change their tactics : 

During the time of Sukapha, the Ahoms conquered territories in Assam by applying force. But, now they realised that old tactics need to be changed . So they had adopted the policy of assimilation with the local people. Thus they came into contact with Hinduism. 

The Ahoms realised that first of all a friendly alliance with the Chutiyas was necessary for expanding their territorial possession and then fight with the Kacharis and Bhuyans would be convenient. With their idea the Ahom king Sutupha (1364-76) paid a friendly visit to Chutiya king's capital, but he was killed there in a treacherous way. To take revenge, Tao-Khamthi led an expedition against the Chutiyas but this expedition brought nothing. Then they turned their attention towards Kamata kingdom situated in the further west of the Ahom kingdom. 

Thus the battle was started between the Ahoms and the Kamatas and it continued for several years. Ultimately peace was restored by giving a daughter of the Kamata king to the Ahom king. Thus a Hindu wife brought some elements of Aryanisation in the Ahom court. This queen was able to influence the king in his administration.

The reign of Bamuni Knowar :

He was the son of Tao-Khamthi but brought up by a Brahmin of Habung as his mother was ordered to be killed when she was expectant mother by his jealous co-wife during the absence of Tao-Khamthi for his Chutia expedition. But those people who were to carry out the order secretly spared her and ultimately she took shelter with the Brahmin. In the house of the Brahmin she gave birth to a son and breathed her last. The Brahmin took all possible care of the boy like his own son.

By this time Tao-Khamthi was assassinated and having no heir to succeed to the throne, the ministers took charge of the kingdom. Now they were searching for a new king. Ultimately, this boy was brought to the capital and he occupied the throne. He brought the Brahmin, foster father with the family to live in the palace. With the Brahmin, the worship of Lakshmi-Narayan Salagram was started along with the Somdeo. 

Thus the king who assumed the Ahom name as Sudangpha was better known as Bamuni Konwar. Thus the Hinduism entered officially in the Ahom palace.

Tipamiya rebellion : 

This is a rebellion launched by the Tipamiyas who probably protested against the pro-Hindu policy of the king. But the king was successful in suppressing the movement. The Tipamiya king was obliged to offer his daughter to the Ahom king. 

Another Tipamiya chief named Tao Chulai also revolted against the king. It was alleged that Tao Chulai had love affairs with the newly wedded Tipamiya consort of the Ahom king. When the king knew it, then fearing punishment he fled to the king of Mungkong who offered armed assistance to Tao Chulai. Thus the war broke out ultimately at Kunhiarbari in the Tipam area. But a formal treaty had brought the ware to close in 1401, Now Patkai was fixed as the boundary between the Ahom kingdom and Mungkong.

After that Chunlai was frustrated as his case was not considered by the ruler of Mungkong. So he approached Kamata king who assured him of possible help. Then the king sent an expedition under the command of Tyatabin Bargohain against Kamata. But in the mean time, the Kamata kingdom was attacked by Ghiyasuddin Azam Shah, the Bengal Sultan: So the Kamata king made negotiations with the Ahom king and one Kamata princes was given in marriage with the Ahom king. 

Thus peace was restored. Then Ahom-Kamata army drove out the invaders and chased them upto Korotoya, the western boundary of the kingdom of Kamata, and a tank was excavated on the bank of the river to commemorate the victory. But the wretched Tipamiya princei, Tao-Chulai was killed. Sudangpha then shifted his capital to Charagua near the Dihing river. It was the he way performed his coronation ceremony which was known as “Singari Gharat Utha'. He assumed the titles of Maharaja and Rajeswar Chakraborty.

After his death, five kings rules the Ahom kingdom for about 90 years. They simply got engaged to suppress the rising of the Nagas. During these years, Hinduism gained further grounds to the Ahom court. This was evident that Naga Sankar temple on the north bank of Brahmaputra was built by Susenpha (1439-88). 

Thus the Ahom administration got the good will of the Aryanised Mongoloid tribes of the region. During the reign of Susenpha, a conflict developed between the Dimacha Kacharis and the Ahoms. The Ahom king made peace with the Dimachas by offering a princess to the Kachari king.

Causes of downfall of the Ahom Kingdom : 

(i) Natural decay due to a long rule. 

(ii) Weakness and incompetence of the later Ahom kings. 

(ii) The decay in Ahom administration and political alliance with the neighbours. 

(IV) Military inefficiency of once powerful Ahom army in the later period, 

(v) Moamoria rebellions added fuel to the fire of decay, 

(vi) The Burmese invasions and the advent of the Britishers put a nail in the coffin of Ahom rule.

Anglo-Burmese War and British annexation of Assam : 

(i) In 1824 AD, the British began military operations in the Surma valley. From Cachar they sent forces to repel the Burmese invaders.

(ii) Between 1824 and 1826 the First Anglo-Burmese War was fought in the Brahmaputra Valley. Burmese were expelled from Cachar and Manipur.

(iii) In 1826 AD after losing in the Second Anglo-Burmese War, the Burmese had to leave Assam, after signing the Treaty of Yandabu (in Burma). This treaty directly laid the foundation of British-Raj in Assam.

Must Read : Ahom - Mughal Conflicts

Must Read : Revolt of 1857 - The Sepoy Mutiny

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